Cleaning Pen
If you would like to know how to build a chicken pen, you may be pleased to learn that this is a relatively simple procedure but one of the most crucial elements, like with many things in life, is good planning. When looking at chicken coop plans, it is important to understand that there are various must-have elements which should be considered when building any coop, regardless of its size.
1. <b><u>Size</u></b>
If your hens are likely to be kept inside the coop for most of the time, then the size of the coop is of crucial importance. You need to give the hens enough space to move around comfortably as well as to sleep and nest in. Any good plans should clearly state the number of hens a particular design is suitable for. As a rule of thumb, you should allow “indoor” hens 3-5 square footage of floor space in the nesting/sleeping end and up to 15 square footage each in the run. Obviously, you can be more flexible if you allow your hens to free-range for part of the time, but you must ensure they can sleep comfortably.
2. <b><u>Ease Of Cleaning</u></b>
It is no use at all having the nicest looking coop if you cannot keep it properly clean. This is of vital importance for a couple of reasons. Firstly, hens are susceptible to Red Mite, which is a tiny, spider-like parasite. This can lead to feather loss and extreme discomfort for the hens. Your chicken pen should be easy to clean as to keep Red Mite at bay, you should dust the inside of the coop with red mite powder after cleaning and occasionally spray the inside with a weak disinfectant, so access is vital. In addition, when considering chicken pen plans, you should look for those which incorporate dual access into the nesting/sleeping area. This should be both from the run and from the rear of the coop and it means that you do not need to get access via the run for cleaning the nesting area which can get very messy!
3. <b><u>Protection From Predators</u></b>
If looking at how to build a chicken pen, it is crucial that any plans you follow have clearly taken this into account by suggesting materials and strategies which will prevent attack by foxes and raccoons. Foxes are extremely cunning and will use any means to get your hens. Any mesh you use should be heavy gauge and all doors and openings should have the means to be strongly secured-especially at night. Look for plans which either have a means of preventing “tunneling in” by foxes – this could be by having a mesh fastened to the bottom or by having the mesh extending below the bottom of the coop as this can then be “dug in”. Although some people suggest that cats can be a problem, I have personally not found this-indeed my cats are quite afraid of my hens, who have no qualms in eating their cat food with the cats looking on in a bemused manner!
4. <b><u>Lighting and Ventilation</u></b>
You should consider “lighting” if you are keeping your hens for egg production. During the winter months, egg production naturally declines as the hen’s hormones are regulated by the number of hours of daylight they receive. In winter, hens often stop laying altogether, as I found myself this winter, and will not begin laying again until the number of daylight hours exceeds 12. It is possible to incorporate artificial light into the pen and some chicken pen plans will give advice on how this can be done. It would not be kind to keep the hens in light 24 hours a day, but boosting the light by a few hours in the dark winter months can keep the hens laying. With regard to ventilation, there should be plenty of large-bore holes drilled in the nesting/sleeping area on the pen as not only does this allow for the circulation of air which prevents moisture build-up, it can also help diffuse the harmful gases which are formed from the hen’s waste products.
As a chicken keeper and retailer of chicken housing myself, I was looking for ideas to incorporate into my own designs when I came across a book by Bill Keene, a fellow chicken-lover which detailed explicit chicken pen plans. His designs were so simple that they were almost as easy to construct as my own self-assembly coops were to put together! I have since recommended his book to numerous customers who were looking at building a DIY coop and all have been delighted by both the simplicity and quality of the designs. In addition, it has been shown that building your own housing can save over 50% of the cost of a comparable flatpacked pen and even those with very little experience in DIY can follow the instructions in the book with ease. To take a look at the different options which are available, please visit How To Build A Chicken Pen
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Article Source: ArticlesBase.com – How to Build a Chicken Pen – 4 Essential Elements of Chicken Pen Plans
Cleaning ball-point pen ink from Leather?
One of my kids drew a nice design on my $350 recliner.
Anyone know best way to get it off?
I got some rubbing alcohol and cotton balls to it before the ink dried good. It came out very well! Just a LITTLE bit of the original tan coloration came off. But it still looks real good! Thanks a lot!
I don’t think my wife will even notice the difference 
Hmmm, curious. Where’s the button to select best answer? I’ll check back later…
This will depend on what type of leather you have.
If the ink is on a pigmented leather then the first thing you should try is an ink stick (find one that is a professional product used in the industry – LTT do one). The fresher the ink the more chance you have of removing it. Be sure to check the type of leather you have before doing this as if you use this on an aniline style it will not work and may leave a greasy mark which will not go away.
If an ink stick doesn’t work a solvent based remover will need to be used and it may also remove finish and pigment so is best left to the experts.
Using hairspray/WD40 and all these other solvent cleaners is very risky as it can make the matter far worse as it can spread the ink over a bigger area and can sometimes then be impossible to fix.
Using alcohol can also be a little risky depending on how stable the finish is. If the finish is unstable this would remove pigment form the leather.
Nail varnish remover or any other solvents will also remove the finish and pigment which will need replacing.
DO NOT USE Baby wipes as they are about the worst thing you can use on a leather as they break down the finish and will eventually ruin it. A professional leather cleaner would never use these on their leather and DFS do not give correct advice on leather care because their staff have no training.
Please do not try milk or toothpaste these are silly ideas that will leave sticky residues on the surface which will help to break down the finish on your leather.
Magic erasers usually remove finish and pigment along with the ink.
Old ink will be harder to remove than new ink and may mean resorting to solvents which will also remove the finish. This is probably best left to the experts.
Silicones/furniture polish are the worst thing to use on leather as they will form a coating on the surface of the leather which will not allow any moisture to get to the leather and will eventually break all the finish down and make it crack.
Leather does not need conditioning it needs cleaning and protecting on a regular basis with water based products this will keep it rehydrated and supple. Oils will make things much worse.
Leather should be cleaned gently not scrubbed so ‘elbow grease’ will only do damage to the finish.
Hide food will not remove ink and will leave residues on the leather which will attract dirt and oils.
Using a good quality leather protector (one that works) will help make this problem easier should it happen again, it also does your leather good by protecting it against oils and dirt which ultimately make the pigment crack and the leather deteriorate.
If the ink is on an aniline leather then there is nothing that will work if leather cleaner has not. Basically you have redyed the leather and you would need a specialist to resolve the problem. Using a cleaner and protector on a regular basis will help to dissipate the ink and eventually it will not be so obvious.
Good Luck
Source(s):
http://www.LTTsolutions.net
Leather care consultants to the furniture and cleaning industries
Professional knowledge
Training school for leather technicians
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